The advance guard fought a pitched battle with Inca troops in front of the city, but the battle had ended before Pizarro arrived with the rest of the Spanish party. As the Spanish force approached Cuzco, Pizarro sent his brother Hernando and de Soto ahead with 40 men. After executing Atahualpa, Pizarro and his men headed to Cuzco, the capital of the Incan Empire. De Soto returned to report that he found no signs of an army in the area. While de Soto was gone, the Spanish in Cajamarca decided to kill Atahualpa to prevent his rescue. Pizarro sent de Soto with 200 soldiers to scout for the rumored army. By the time the ransom had been completed, the Spanish became alarmed by rumors of an Inca army advancing on Cajamarca. During this captivity, de Soto became friendly with Atahualpa and taught him to play chess. ĭuring 1533, the Spanish held Atahualpa captive in Cajamarca for months while his subjects paid for his ransom by filling a room with gold and silver objects. De Soto was sent to the camp of the Inca army, where he and his men plundered Atahualpa's tents. When Pizarro's men attacked Atahualpa and his guard the next day (the Battle of Cajamarca), de Soto led one of the three groups of mounted soldiers. When Pizarro and his men first encountered the army of Inca Atahualpa at Cajamarca, Pizarro sent de Soto with fifteen men to invite Atahualpa to a meeting.
Pizarro quickly made de Soto one of his captains. Bringing his own men on ships which he hired, de Soto joined Francisco Pizarro at his first base of Tumbes shortly before departure for the interior of present-day Peru. Failing that, and without means to explore further, de Soto, upon Pedro Arias Dávila's death, left his estates in Nicaragua. He led an expedition up the coast of the Yucatán Peninsula searching for a passage between the Atlantic Ocean and the Pacific Ocean to enable trade with the Orient, the richest market in the world. In 1530, de Soto became a regidor of León, Nicaragua. During that time, de Soto was influenced by the achievements of Iberian explorers: Juan Ponce de León, the first European to reach Florida Vasco Núñez de Balboa, the first European to reach the Pacific Ocean coast of the Americas (he called it the "South Sea" on the south coast of Panama) and Ferdinand Magellan, who first sailed that ocean to East Asia. He gained fame as an excellent horseman, fighter, and tactician. : 135īrave leadership, unwavering loyalty, and ruthless schemes for the extortion of native villages for their captured chiefs became de Soto's hallmarks during the conquest of Central America. There he acquired an encomienda and a public office in León, Nicaragua. In 1520 he participated in Gaspar de Espinosa's expedition to Veragua, and in 1524, he participated in the conquest of Nicaragua under Francisco Hernández de Córdoba. With Christopher Columbus's discovery of new lands (which he thought to be East Asia) across the ocean to the west, young men were attracted to rumors of adventure, glory and wealth.ĭe Soto sailed to the New World with Pedro Arias Dávila, appointed as the first Governor of Panama. Spain and Portugal were filled with young men seeking a chance for military fame after the defeat of the Moors. A few years before his birth, the Kingdoms of Castille and Aragon conquered the last Islamic kingdom of the Iberian peninsula.
He stipulated in his will that his body be interred at Jerez de los Caballeros, where other members of his family were buried. : 135 Three towns- Badajoz, Barcarrota and Jerez de los Caballeros-claim to be his birthplace. He was born in the current province of Badajoz. The region was poor and many people struggled to survive young people looked for ways to seek their fortune elsewhere. Hernando de Soto was born circa 1500 in Extremadura, Spain, to parents who were both hidalgos, nobility of modest means. De Soto died in 1542 on the banks of the Mississippi River different sources disagree on the exact location, whether it was what is now Lake Village, Arkansas, or Ferriday, Louisiana. It ranged throughout what is now the southeastern United States, both searching for gold, which had been reported by various Native American tribes and earlier coastal explorers, and for a passage to China or the Pacific coast. ĭe Soto's North American expedition was a vast undertaking. He is the first European documented as having crossed the Mississippi River. He played an important role in Francisco Pizarro's conquest of the Inca Empire in Peru, but is best known for leading the first European expedition deep into the territory of the modern-day United States (through Florida, Georgia, Alabama, Mississippi, and most likely Arkansas). 1500 – 21 May, 1542) was a Spanish explorer and conquistador who was involved in expeditions in Nicaragua and the Yucatan Peninsula. Hernando de Soto ( / d ə ˈ s oʊ t oʊ/ Spanish: c. Bank of Mississippi River, present-day Ferriday, Louisiana
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